These clauses protect the rights of citizens not specifically addressed in the constitution.

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Constitutions

Alabama

That this enumeration of certain rights shall not impair or deny others retained by the people;  and, to guard against any encroachments on the rights herein retained, we declare that everything in this Declaration of Rights is excepted out of the general powers of government, and shall forever remain inviolate.

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Alaska

The enumeration of rights in this constitution shall not impair or deny others retained by the people.

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Arizona

The enumeration in this Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny others retained by the people.

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Arkansas

This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people; and to guard against any encroachments on the rights herein retained, or any transgression of any of the higher powers herein delegated, we declare that everything in this article is excepted out of the general powers of the government; and shall forever remain inviolate; and that all laws contrary thereto, or to the other provisions herein contained, shall be void.

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California

This declaration of rights may not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people.

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Colorado

The enumeration in this constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny, impair or disparage others retained by the people.

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Florida

All political power is inherent in the people. The enunciation herein of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or impair others retained by the people.

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Georgia

The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed.

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Hawaii

The enumeration of rights and privileges shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people.

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Idaho

This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny other rights retained by the people.

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Illinois

The enumeration in this Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the individual citizens of the State.

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Iowa

This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others, retained by the people.

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Kansas

Powers retained by people. This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people; and all powers not herein delegated remain with the people.

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Louisiana

The enumeration in this constitution of certain rights shall not deny or disparage other rights retained by the individual citizens of the state.

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Maryland

This enumeration of Rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the People.

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Maine

The enumeration of certain rights shall not impair nor deny others retained by the people.

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Michigan

The enumeration in this constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

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Minnesota

The enumeration of rights in this constitution shall not deny or impair others retained by and inherent in the people. The right of every man to worship God according to the dictates of his own conscience shall never be infringed; nor shall any man be compelled to attend, erect or support any place of worship, or to maintain any religious or ecclesiastical ministry, against his consent; nor shall any control of or interference with the rights of conscience be permitted, or any preference be given by law to any religious establishment or mode of worship; but the liberty of conscience hereby secured shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace or safety of the state, nor shall any money be drawn from the treasury for the benefit of any religious societies or religious or theological seminaries.

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Mississippi

The enumeration of rights in this constitution shall not be construed to deny and impair others retained by, and inherent in, the people.

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Montana

The enumeration in this constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny, impair, or disparage others retained by the people.

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North Carolina

The enumeration of rights in this Article shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people.

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New Jersey

This enumeration of rights and privileges shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people.

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New Mexico

The enumeration in this constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny, impair or disparage others retained by the people.

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Nebraska

This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others, retained by the people, and all powers not herein delegated, remain with the people.

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Nevada

This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people.

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Connecticut

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Delaware

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Indiana

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Kentucky

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Massachusetts

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Missouri

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North Dakota

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New Hampshire

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New York

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Pennsylvania

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South Carolina

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South Dakota

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Tennessee

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Texas

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Vermont

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Wisconsin

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West Virginia

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Ohio

This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people; and all powers, not herein delegated, remain with the people.

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Oklahoma

The enumeration in this Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny, impair, or disparage others retained by the people.

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Oregon

This enumeration of rights, and privileges shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people.

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Rhode Island

The enumeration of the foregoing rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people. The rights guaranteed by this Constitution are not dependent on those guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States.

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US

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

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Utah

This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people.

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Virginia

The rights enumerated in this Bill of Rights shall not be construed to limit other rights of the people not therein expressed.

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Wyoming

The enumeration in this constitution, of certain rights shall not be construed to deny, impair, or disparage others retained by the people.

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